In sequence meaning11/9/2023 Sequences are distinguished by a structure dominated by couplets, in forms of AA'BB'CC'. The Third Edition of the Roman Missal, which was implemented in the United States in 2010, states that the Sequence is optional except on Easter Sunday and Pentecost Day, and it sung before the Alleluia. This sequence is permitted for the Third Mass of Christmas, the Epiphany, and Candlemas. The Christmas sequence Laetabundus, not present in the Roman Missal, is found in the Dominican Missal. Currently, the Dies Irae is sung in churches where the Tridentine Mass is celebrated. In 1970 the Dies Irae was removed from the Requiem Mass of the revised, new Roman Missal and was transferred to the Liturgy of the Hours to be sung ad libitum in the 34th week of the Ordinary Time before the beginning of Advent, dividing into three parts: Office of Readings, Lauds and Vespers. In 1727, the 13th century Stabat Mater for Our Lady of Sorrows was added to this list. In the Missal of Pius V (1570) the number of sequences for the entire Roman Rite was reduced to four: Victimae paschali laudes (11th century) for Easter, Veni Sancte Spiritus for Pentecost (12th century), Lauda Sion Salvatorem (c.1264) for Corpus Christi, and Dies Irae (13th century) for All Souls and in Masses for the Dead. The Carmina Burana is a collection of these sequences. During the Middle Ages, secular or semi-secular sequences, such as Peter of Blois' Olim sudor Herculis ("The labours of Hercules") were written the Goliards, a group of Latin poets who wrote mostly satirical verse, used the form extensively. Thomas Aquinas' Pange lingua in praise of the Eucharist, the anonymous medieval hymn Ave maris stella ("Hail, star of the sea!"), and the Marian sequence Stabat Mater by Jacopone da Todi. Other well-known sequences include the ninth-century Swan Sequence, Tommaso da Celano's Dies Irae, St. One well-known sequence, falsely attributed to Notker during the Middle Ages, is the prose text Media vita in morte sumus ("In the midst of life we are in death"), which was translated by Cranmer and became a part of the burial service in the funeral rites of the Anglican Book of Common Prayer. A collection of sequences was called the Sequentiale. The name sequence thus came to be applied to these texts and by extension, to hymns containing rhyme and accentual metre. Notker set words to this melisma in rhythmic prose for chanting as a trope. It was also called sequentia, "sequence," because it followed (Latin: sequi) the Alleluia. This prolonged melisma was called the jubilus, jubilatio, or laudes, because of its jubilant tone. In the Latin Mass of the Middle Ages, it became customary to prolong the last syllable of the Alleluia, while the deacon was ascending from the altar to the ambo, to sing or chant the Gospel. Since early sequences were written in rhythmical prose, they were also called proses (Latin: prosae). The name sequentia, on the other hand, came to be bestowed upon these hymns as a result of the works of Notker Balbulus, who popularized the genre in the ninth century by publishing a collection of sequentiae in his Liber Hymnorum. In the ninth century, Hrabanus Maurus also moved away from classical metres to produce Christian hymns such as Veni Creator Spiritus. Venantius modified the classical metres based on syllable quantity to an accentual metre more easily suitable to be chanted to music in Christian worship. The Latin sequence has its beginnings, as an artistic form, in early Christian hymns such as the Vexilla Regis of Venantius Fortunatus. The Latin sequence in literature and liturgy The Rex caeli sequence from the Bamberg Manuscript of the treatise Musica enchiriadis, (2nd half of the 9th century, Germany) The form of this chant inspired a genre of Latin poetry written in a non- classical metre, often on a sacred Christian subject, which is also called a sequence. The 2002 edition of the General Instruction of the Roman Missal, however, reversed the order and places the sequence before the Alleluia. The sequence has always been sung directly before the Gospel, after the Alleluia. By the time of the Council of Trent (1543–1563) there were sequences for many feasts in the Church's year. For the early music group, see Sequentia (music group).Ī sequence ( Latin: sequentia, plural: sequentiae) is a chant or hymn sung or recited during the liturgical celebration of the Eucharist for many Christian denominations, before the proclamation of the Gospel.
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